Do satellite cells contribute to muscle growth?

Satellite cells (SCs) are the most abundant skeletal muscle stem cells. They are widely recognized for their contributions to maintenance of muscle mass, regeneration and hypertrophy during the human life span.

What do satellite cells do in muscle?

14.2. Satellite cells are the primary stem cells in adult skeletal muscle and are responsible for postnatal muscle growth, hypertrophy and regeneration. Since their original identification, satellite cells have been considered as unipotent myogenic precursor cells.

Are satellite cells needed for hypertrophy?

Thus, satellite cells are not only responsible for muscle repair and regeneration, but also for hypertrophic growth.

What are satellite cells and how are they related to muscle hypertrophy?

Adult muscle stem cells, known as satellite cells, have been shown to play an important role in muscle hypertrophic growth, during which time the satellite cells get recruited to existing muscle fibers and fuse with them to promote fiber radial growth.

How do satellite cells help increase muscle size?

Satellite cells possess a single nucleus that acts as a control center, which regulates gene expression. When prompted by tissue damage, satellite cells replicate and differentiate into mature muscle cells by fusing to existing fibers. This is how they become new muscle protein strands and assist with muscle repair.

How do satellite cells repair muscle?

Muscle repair When muscle cells undergo injury, quiescent satellite cells are released from beneath the basement membrane. They become activated and re-enter the cell cycle. … There is also evidence suggesting that these cells are capable of fusing with existing myofibers to facilitate growth and repair.

How do satellite cells increase muscle growth?

In adult skeletal muscle, satellite cells are typically in a quiescent state and reside in a niche between the sarcolemma and basal lamina of their associated muscle fiber. Upon stimulation, i.e., following exercise, satellite cells become activated, and start to proliferate.

What role do satellite cells have in resistance training induced muscle hypertrophy?

SCs play an important role in afterbirth growth and regeneration of skeletal muscle. Muscle fiber hypertrophy is driven by the addition of SC nuclei to existing myofibers. The SC population also holds the nuclear reserve to enable muscle regeneration; however, they are usually mitotically quiescent (3).

What happens to satellite cells as we age?

Therefore, aging disrupts satellite cell self-renewal. Specifically, age-related cell extrinsic changes in expression of signaling ligands, combined with satellite cell-intrinsic alterations in the ability to appropriately respond to signals, disrupt asymmetric cell division and limit satellite cell self-renewal.